Central Indo-Aryan languages
| Central Indo-Aryan | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | South Asia |
| Linguistic classification | Indo-European
|
 | |
The Central Indo-Aryan languages is the largest branch of the Indo-Aryan language family spoken across Northern India from Gujarat to Chhattisgarh. These language varieties form the central part of the Indo-Aryan language family, itself a part of the Indo-European language family. They historically form a dialect continuum that descends from Saurasheni Prakrit.
Languages[edit]
All Central Indo-Aryan languages evolved from Saurasheni Prakrit. Awadhi and Chhattisgarhi evolved from Ardhamagadhi Prakrit which formed a bridge between Magadhi Prakrit and Saurasheni Prakrit.
- Gujarati–Rajasthani:
- Rajasthani: Bagri, Marwari, Mewati, Dhundari, Harauti, Mewari, Shekhawati, Dhatki, Malvi, Nimadi, Gujari, Goaria, Loarki, Bhoyari/Pawari, Kanjari, Od, Lambadi;
- Gujarati: Gujarati, Jandavra, Saurashtra, Aer, Vaghri, Parkari Koli, Kachi Koli, Wadiyara Koli;
- Bhil: Kalto, Vasavi, Wagdi, Gamit, Vaagri Booli;
- Northern Bhil: Bauria, Bhilori, Magari;
- Central Bhil: Bhili proper, Bhilali, Chodri, Dhodia, Dhanki, Dubli;
- Bareli: Palya Bareli, Pauri Bareli, Rathwi Bareli, Pardhi;
- Khandeshi
- Domaaki
- Domari
- Romani: Carpathian Romani, Balkan Romani, Vlax Romani, Baltic Romani;
- Northern Romani
- British Romani: Angloromani, Welsh Romani
- Northwestern Romani: Sinte Romani, Finnish Kalo
- Northern Romani
- Western Hindi: Hindustani (including Standard Hindi and Standard Urdu), Khariboli, Braj, Haryanvi, Bundeli, Kannauji, Parya;
- Eastern Hindi: Bagheli, Chhattisgarhi, Surgujia, Awadhi (Fiji Hindi, Caribbean Hindustani).
Comparison[edit]
The Delhi Hindustani pronunciations [ɛː, ɔː] commonly have diphthongal realizations, ranging from [əɪ] to [ɑɪ] and from [əu] to [ɑu], respectively, in Eastern Hindi varieties and many non-standard Western Hindi varieties.[1]
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Shapiro (2003), p. 283.
Bibliography[edit]
- Shapiro, Michael C. (2003), "Hindi", in Cardona, George; Jain, Dhanesh (eds.), The Indo-Aryan Languages, Routledge, pp. 276–314, ISBN 978-0-415-77294-5